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2 Sheets-Sheet I.

(No Model.)

W. H. POWERS,J1-. HYDRAULIC AIR PUMP.

N0. 556,937. Patented Mar. 24, 1896.

Aunflzw 8 GRAHAM PHOTO-UTNO WASHWGYM EC (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. WTH. POWERS, Jr. HYDRAULIC AIR PUMP.

N0. 556,937. Patented Mar. 24, 1896.

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M mm B 5RMAM.PHOTO Lmm WASHINGTD-i n C UNITED STATES PATENT Grinch.

lVlLLlAlll ll. POXVERS, JR., OF \VORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO GEORGE PEIRCE, OF SAME PLACE.

HYDRAU LIC AlR-PUM P.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 556,937, dated March 24, 1896.

Application filed January 6, 1896. Serial No. 574,469. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: its lower end and provided at its upper end Be it known that I, TVILLIAM H. POWERS, with a ball-valve 16, through which pipe the Jr, a citizen of the United States, residing at air enters into the cylinder as the movable \Vorcester, in the county of \Vorcester and cylinders 3 and l are raised. Through a pipe 5 5 5 StateofMassachusetts,have invented certain 17, leading out from the upper part of the new and useful Improvements in Machines stationary cylinders 1 and 2, any overflow of for Lighting, &c., of which the following is a water from the cylinders passes into the disspecification. charge-pipe 18, running to the sewer or other My invention relates to machines for lightwaste source. 6:; ing, the. I will now proceed to describe the valve The object of my invention is to provide an mechanism which operates to regulate autoautomatic gas-lighting machine of simple conmatically the flow or pressure of water which struction and operation; and my invention raises the movable cylinders and at, and the consists in certain novel features of construcdischarge of the water, so that the cylinders 6 tion and operation of my machine, as will be can descend of their own weight to force the hereinafter fully described and the nature air through the carburetor. thereof indicated by the claim. The valve mechanism for each cylinder be- Referring to the drawings, Figurelis a side ing similar, a description of one will answer elevation and partial section of a gas-machine for both. 70 2o embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 shows Onabeain 19 supported over the cylinders, on an enlarged scale a sectional view of a porin this instance by means of hangers 20, is an tion of the valve mechanism, and Fig. 3 is a upright piston-cylinder 21, havingapiston 22 V sectional view of the carburetor. therein, the stem 23 of which is connected at In the accompanying drawings, 1 and 2 are its lower end with the top of the movable cyl- 7 stationary tanks or cylinders supported on inder.

the bases 1 and 2" and containing water or Leading into the lower part of the pistonother fluid, and 8 and at are the movable cylcylinder 21 is a pipe 24, and the lower end of inders which telescope into the cylinders 1 said pipe 24 leads into the cylinder or valveand2 and produce the pressure on the air concasing 25. One end of the casing is eno tained within the cylinders, by the descent of larged, as shown at 25, and a piston 26, sesaid movable cylinders, to force the air cured to the lower end of the piston-stem 27, through a pipe 5 extending up through the is adapted to move in the chamber 25 in the stationary cylinders 1 and 2 and leading out enlarged end 25 of the casing 25. The stem from the bottom of the cylinders into the pipe 27 has a small central opening 28 through the 6, provided with automatic valves 6, into the central portion thereof, at the piston end, piping 7 leading into one end of the carbureleading out through the side of the stem, as tor-cylinder 8, mounted to oscillate in stands shown in Fig. 2, to furnish a passage or leak- 9 at one end of the machine. hole from the chamber 25 into the other por- The carburetor cylinder 8 is filled with tion of the casing 25 when the piston 26 moves o 40 sponge or other fibrous material 10, as shown toward the outer end of the enlarged end 25 in Fig. 3, through which, saturated with gasocf the casing 25. line poured into the carburetor cylinder 8 On the stem 27 is seen red two disks or valves through an opening 11, in this instance in 29 and 30, which are adapted to seat alterone end thereof, the air from the cylinders is nately on the openings or valve-seats 31 and 9 5 .5 forced to impregnate the same with the gaso- 32 in the casing 25. The end of the stem 27 line, said air passing out of the opposite end extends between guide-pins 33, located in the of the carburetor-cylinder 8, through a pipe 12 casing 25. leading to a meter 13 and through the deliv- Leading out from the casing 25 is a pipe 34:, cry-pipe 1d leading to the burners. I which leads into the lower part of the station- 5o Extending through the bottom of each sta ary cylinder. (See Fig. 1.) Through the pipe tionary cylinder 1 and 2 is a pipe 15, open at 31 the discharge from the piston-cylinder 21 passes into the stationary cylinder and furnishes a supply for the same.

One end of the casing is coupled to a pipe leading to a T 36. A pipe 37 leads from said T 36 to a double T 38. Into the double T 38 a pipe 39 leads, through which the water supply passes to operate the valve mechanism. From each side of the double T 38 a pipe '40 leads to a pipe 41, to the lower end of which is attached one arm of a T-pipe 42. Another arm 42 of the T-pipe 42 is provided with an enlarged end 43, which is secured to the enlarged end 25 of the casing 25.

In the upper portion of the vertical part of the T-pipe 42 is an opening or valve-seat 44, on which a ball-valve 45 is adapted to seat. The valve 45 is provided with a guide 46, which extends between guide-pins in the pipe 41, and a valve-stem 47 extends down through a central opening in the vertical portion of the T-pipe 42 and through packing-washers 48 at the lower end thereof, and the lower end of said stem 47 is secured to a lever 49 piv oted at its inner end on a downwardly-projecting arm 50, in this instance made integral with the T-pipe 42.

A guide-rod 51, secured at its upper end to the pipe 41, and provided with a loop at its lower end, through which the lever '49 extends, acts to guide the lever 49 and holds it in its proper position. The outer end of the lever 49 is provided with a hole through which an endless cord 52, passing around pulleys 53 and 54, mounted on the beam 19 and the floor, respectively, passes.

Extending out from the top of the movable cylinder 3 is an arm 55, provided with a hole at its end through which the cord 52 passes. A knot 56 or other device just above and below the arm in the cord 52 causes the cord to move as the cylinder is raised or lowered. Two other knots 57 and 58 are made in the cord 52 at such a point that the upper one, 57, when the movable cylinder is in its highest position, will engage with the end of the lever 49 on its upper side to move down the lever and through the stem 47 draw down the valve 45 onto its seat 44 to close the valve and prevent the water entering through the pipe 41 into the horizontal arm 42 of the T- pipe 42 to operate the piston 26.

The lower knot 58 in the cord 52, as the movable cylinder reaches its lowest point, engages the end of the lever 49 on its lower side and raises said lever, and through the stem 47 raises the valve 45, to allow the water to enter through the opening below the valve into the portion 42 of the T-pipe 42 to move the piston 26 and open the valve 30 to allow the water from the supply-pipe 39, through the pipe 37 and pipe 35, to pass into the casing 25, and through the valve-opening 32 and pipe 24 into the lower end of the piston-cylinder 21 to raise the piston 22, and through the stem 23 the movable cylinder, as shown in Fig. 1.

From the above description, in connection with the drawings, the automatic operation or the valve mechanism for regulating the flow of water to raise the movable cylinders will be readily understood by those skilled in the art.

Supposing the movable cylinder at the right to be in the position shown in Fig. 1, the wa ter is still entering the piston-cylinder 21 through the pipe 24, as above described, and at the same time the water is entering through the pipe 40 and the pipe 41, through the open valve 44, into the pipe 42 of the T-pipe 42. and pressing against the piston 26 to keep the piston in its position with the valve 30 open, as shown in Fig. 2, to allow the water to enter through the opening 32 into the pipe 24.

hen the piston 22 is forced by the water nearly to the top of the cylinder 21, the knot 57 on the cord 52 will engage the lever 49 upon its upper side, as above described, and operate said lever to close the valve 45 (see Fig. 2) and shut off the water entering through the opening under said valve to operate the piston 26. The pressure on the piston being relieved, and the water being allowed to escape through the passage 28 in the piston and piston-stem 27, the pressure of water entering through the pipe 39 and pipe 37 into the pipe 35 will force the valve 30 back onto its seat 32 and close the opening therein. At the same time the valve 29 will be raised from its seat 31, leaving an opening through which the water running out of the piston 21, as the mov able cylinder descends, through the pipe 24. will pass into the pipe 34, and from there into the stationary cylinder. The movement of the valves 30 and 29, as above described, will of course move the piston 26, to its outward position.

"When the movable cylinder reaches its lowest point, the knot 58 on the cord 52 will engage with the under side of the arm 49 and through said arm raise the valve 45 to allow the water passing through the pipe 40 and pipe 41 to enter through the opening under the valve into the pipe 42 and force the piston 26 inwardly to close the valve 29 and open the valve 30, thus allowing the water through the pipes 39, 37, and 35 to enter into the pipe 24 and into the lower part of the piston-cylinder 21 to raise the piston 22 and the movable cylinder, as above described.

It will thus be seen that the valve mechanism is automatically operated at the proper time to allow the flow of water, through the pressure thereof on the piston 22, to raise the movable cylinder.

It will be understood that two or more stationary tanks and two or more movable cyl inders are employed to maintain a continuous pressure on the air passing through the carburetor, the movable cylinders working alternately, and when one movable cylinder, as 3, is moving up the valve 6 at the left in Fig. 1 will be closed and the valve 6 at the ,right will be opened, as indicated by dotted lines, and when the cylinder 3 is descending the valve 6 at the left will be opened and the valve 6 at the right closed.

It is desirable to communicate an oscillating motion to the carburetor-cylinder S to cause the air passing through the same to be thoroughly carbureted or impregnated with the gasoline contained in the carburetor, and I have in this instance provided for this oscillating motion by means of a cord 59, at tached at one end to the top of the movable cylinder at and passing over two pulleys 60 and 61, and then several times around the carburetor-cylinder 8 to a weight 62, attached to the free end of the cord 59, so that as the cylinder l is raised an oscillating motion will be communicated to the cylinder 8 in one direction, and as the cylinder 4 is lowered an oscillating motion will be communicated to the cylinder 8 in an opposite direction.

I may use my maehine'for providing cold air, or hot air under pressure, for any purpose, if desired.

I have indicated in Fig. 1 of the drawings, by dotted lines, pipes (33 leading out of the stationary tanks to a refrigerator or heater (not shown) or other device for cooling or heating the air which is forced through the refrigerator or heater, to be delivered as desired.

The advantages of my improvements in machines for lighting, 460., will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art.

My machine is very simple in construction and entirely automatic in its operation, and by utilizing the water-service which is almost always to be found in towns and cities I am enabled to automatically operate the machine with very little waste of water, thus operating the machine at a minimum cost.

It will be understood that the details of construetion of my machine may be varied, if desired, and it maybe put to any use for which provided with an airinlet, and also with an air-outlet, and a movable cylinder adapted to telescope into said stationary tank or cylinder to compress the air, said movable cylinder provided with a piston working in a piston-cylinder, and adapted to be operated by water-pressure, of valve mechanism for antomatically regulating the flow of water into the piston-cylinder, to raise the piston, and also the flow of water out of the piston-cylinder, to allow the piston to descend, said valve mechanism consisting of a cylinder or casing provided with two valve-seats therein, and a delivery-pipe leading out from said casing between said seats, to the piston-cylinder, a piston working in the enlarged end of said casing, and a piston-stem carrying two valves to seat alternately on said valve-seats, and a discharge-pipe leading out from said casing between the piston and one of the valve-seats, an opening leading from a delivery-pipe to the chamber below the piston, and a valve adapted to close said opening to shut oft the pressure on said piston, said valve having a stem connected with a pivoted lever, and said lever adapted to be operated automatically as the movable cylinder moves up and down, to open and close the valve in the deliverypipe, and to regulate the flow of water which operates the piston connected with the movable cylinder, substantially as set forth.

- W'ILLIAM H. POWERS, JR.

lVitnesses J. O. Dnwnv, M. J. GALVIN. 

